Object Oriented Programming Concepts
Four pillars of OOPs are:
- Encapsulation
- Abstraction
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism
Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a mechanism of wrapping the data (instance variables/properties) and behaviour (methods) together as a single unit like a Class.
In encapsulation, the variables of a class can be protected from other classes through access modifiers, and can be accessed only through the methods of their current class. Therefore, it is also known as data hiding.
Encapsulation leads to data hiding.
Abstraction
Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details from the user, only the functionality will be provided to the user.
In other words, the user will have the information on what the object does instead of how it does it.
Inheritance
Inheritance can be defined as the process where one class acquires the properties (methods and fields) of another.
Polymorphism
In object-oriented programming, polymorphism (from the Greek meaning “having multiple forms”) is the characteristic of being able to assign a different meaning or usage to something in different contexts — specifically, to allow an entity such as a function, or an object to have more than one form.
There are 2 types of polymorphism implementations:
- Static Polymorphism
- Dynamic Polymorphism
